| ABSTRACT |
The rapid urbanization and infrastructural development in Malaysia have led to a significant surge in construction activities, consequently generating an unsustainable volume of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Despite existing regulatory efforts, the industry's waste management practices remain heavily reliant on linear "take make dispose" models and landfilling. The Take-Back System (TBS) a circular economy strategy where manufacturers and suppliers reclaim surplus, defective, or end of life materials thatoffers a promising solution. However, its implementation in the Malaysian construction sector is heavily hindered by fragmented supply chains, inadequate reverse logistics, lack of financial incentives, and regulatory gaps.
This study aims to develop an Integrated Framework for Implementing a Take-Back System to significantly improve construction waste management performance in Malaysia. Employing a mixed methods approach, the research integrates a comprehensive literature review with empirical data collected through surveys and semistructured interviews with key industry stakeholders, including contractors, material suppliers, developers, and government agencies.
The findings identify the critical success factors required for effective TBS adoption: robust legislative mandates and policy incentives, viable reverse logistics networks, standardized material recovery protocols, and the integration of digital tracking technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) and blockchain. The proposed framework synthesizes these elements into a cohesive, multilevel roadmap that aligns the strategic interests of both the public and private sectors. By bridging the gap between theoretical circular economy principles and practical industry application, this integrated framework provides actionable guidance for policymakers and practitioners to reduce C&D waste, minimize environmental degradation, and drive long term sustainability in the Malaysian construction industry.
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