| ABSTRACT |
Municipal waste, although classified as non-hazardous but still causes air, water and soil pollution during decay. Hence, modern landfills for municipal solid waste (MSW) have a complex design and should be able to vary out several processes such as leachate and gas management and monitoring. In order to minimize disposal space, it has become common practice to sort, reuse and incinerate waste material. In the combustion process of municipal solid waste (MSW), bottom ash represents the major of the solid residue. Since bottom ash is composed of oxides, such as SiO2 and also CaO, the feasibility of its application as raw material in cement production will be tested. In Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates (3 CaO¿SiO2 and 2 CaO¿SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- and iron-containing clinker phases and other compounds. The ratio of CaO to SiO2 shall not be less than 2.0. As the SiO2 and CaO are the most important ingredient in cement composition so this research will carry out to investigate the binding ability of bottom ash as so that it can be used in cement production and decrease the use of natural resources in cement production.
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