| ABSTRACT |
Manihot esculenta (tapioca)is divided into two groups: the sweet and the bitter types. The bitter type contains higher concebtration of cyanogenetic glycosides, the poisonous plant compounds that often cause headaches in humans if comsumed. Using the bitter type Manihot esculenta for bioethanol production would not raise major ethical and moral issues since it is not a staple food for Malaysia people nowadays. Manihot esculenta cannot be converted to sugar easily. Starch sachharification requires prior gelatinization by heat treatment, liquefaction by alpha amulase and conversion to sugars by amuloglucosidase.This project will employ the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process to reduce time and cost. Previously, in Malaysia the bioethanol industry using separate process to produce ethanol and it will increase the cost of the equipment and time. By this invention, it is hoped that this project will benefit the Malaysian government to obtain new ideas in producing low cost fuel based from natural resources
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